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Bones, Joints and Named Muscles

Name the main bones and muscles and learn how joints work: tendons and ligaments, hinge and ball-and-socket joints, and the movements they allow.

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What you'll cover

Bones, joints and muscles 🦴

Your **musculoskeletal system** is the bones, joints and muscles that let you move. Bones give the body its shape and protect the organs, **joints** are where bones meet, and **muscles** pull on bones to create movement. This module names the main bones and muscles and shows how joints work.

Naming the bones 🩻

Learn the main bones by where they are in the body:

Find the femur 🎯

An interactive activity.

Which bone? 🔍

Which bone is in the shin, the lower leg?

  • Tibia
  • Humerus
  • Cranium
  • Scapula

Tendon or ligament? ⚖️

Two kinds of connective tissue hold the body together, and they are easy to mix up:

Match the bone to its place 🔗

  • Cranium
  • Humerus
  • Femur
  • Scapula
  • The skull
  • The upper arm
  • The thigh
  • The shoulder blade

Two kinds of joint 🦵

A **joint** is where two bones meet. A **hinge joint**, like the elbow, knee and ankle, allows movement in one direction: bending and straightening. A **ball-and-socket joint**, like the hip and shoulder, allows movement in all directions, including rotation.

Ball-and-socket? ✅

Select the TWO joints that are ball-and-socket joints.

  • The hip
  • The shoulder
  • The elbow
  • The knee

Match the movement 🔀

  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
  • Decreasing the angle at a joint, bending it
  • Increasing the angle at a joint, straightening it
  • Moving a limb away from the midline of the body
  • Moving a limb towards the midline of the body

Naming the muscles 💪

Muscles pull on bones to move joints. Learn the main ones and what they do:

Head to toe 🪜

An interactive activity.

Complete the summary 🧩

A _____ connects muscle to bone, while a _____ connects bone to bone. The elbow is a _____ joint, which bends and straightens. The biceps muscle _____ the elbow to bend it. Moving a limb away from the midline of the body is called _____.

tendon ligament hinge flexes abduction cartilage extends adduction socket rotation

Spot the true statements 🖍️

An interactive activity.

Name the action 🧭

An interactive activity.

Describe a sporting action ✍️

An interactive activity.